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Technical Specifications

Comprehensive Technical Data

Detailed physical properties, testing standards, and grading criteria for all Green Valley Inc. timber products.

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Wood Species Properties

Physical and mechanical properties of our primary hardwood species

African Mahogany

Khaya ivorensis

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Density
530-700 kg/m³
Janka Hardness
4.0 kN
Shrinkage
Radial: 3.7% | Tangential: 6.0%
Durability Class
Class 2 (Durable)
Workability
Excellent

Common Applications

Fine furnitureCabinetryFlooringDoors

Sapele

Entandrophragma cylindricum

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Density
620-730 kg/m³
Janka Hardness
4.8 kN
Shrinkage
Radial: 4.8% | Tangential: 7.4%
Durability Class
Class 2 (Durable)
Workability
Good

Common Applications

FurnitureStairsVeneersMarine

Iroko

Milicia excelsa

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Density
630-660 kg/m³
Janka Hardness
3.7 kN
Shrinkage
Radial: 3.2% | Tangential: 4.5%
Durability Class
Class 1 (Very Durable)
Workability
Good

Common Applications

Outdoor furnitureDeckingJoineryBoat building

Ebony

Diospyros spp.

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Density
1,030-1,120 kg/m³
Janka Hardness
13.0 kN
Shrinkage
Radial: 5.0% | Tangential: 8.5%
Durability Class
Class 1 (Very Durable)
Workability
Difficult

Common Applications

Musical instrumentsLuxury itemsInlaysCarvings

Bubinga

Guibourtia spp.

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Density
800-960 kg/m³
Janka Hardness
7.5 kN
Shrinkage
Radial: 5.8% | Tangential: 8.4%
Durability Class
Class 2 (Durable)
Workability
Moderate

Common Applications

High-end furnitureVeneersTurneryMusical instruments

Testing Standards & Methods

All properties measured according to European (EN) and international standards

Density

EN 408

Measurement of oven-dry density according to European standards

Moisture Content

EN 13183

Moisture content determination using oven-dry method

Bending Strength

EN 408

Determination of modulus of elasticity and bending strength

Hardness

EN 1534

Janka hardness test for resistance to indentation

Durability

EN 350

Natural durability against biological agents classification

Formaldehyde

EN 717-1

Formaldehyde emission testing for engineered products

Grading Standards

NHLA (National Hardwood Lumber Association) grading criteria

GradeMin. Clear FaceAllowed DefectsTypical Use
Premium (FAS)
First and Seconds - highest quality grade
83.3%Minimal pin knots, uniform colorHigh-end furniture, visible surfaces
Select
High quality with minor character marks
70%Small tight knots, minor color variationQuality furniture, cabinetry
No. 1 Common
Sound wood with character
66.7%Sound knots, color variation allowedGeneral furniture, flooring
No. 2 Common
Utility grade
50%Knots and defects allowed if soundConstruction, industrial use

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